caver.wallet.keyring

caver.wallet.keyring is a package that provides functionality related to Keyring which includes address and private key(s).

Class

Keyring is a structure that contains the address of the account and the private key(s). This is a class in caver-js that allows users to sign on using their own Kaia's account.

Keyring can be classified into three types depending on the type of key being stored: SingleKeyring to store one address and one private key, MultipleKeyring to store one address and multiple private keys, and RoleBasedKeyring to store one address and one or more private keys for each role.

SingleKeyring: User signs with a private key
MultipleKeyring: User signs with private keys
RoleBasedKeyring: User signs with the private key(s) by role

SingleKeyring


const keyring = new caver.wallet.keyring.singleKeyring(address, key)

SingleKeyring is a class that stores the address of the account and a private key. To create a SingleKeyring instance with a private key string, please refer to caver.wallet.keyring.create.

SingleKeyring uses a private key with which no roles assigned.

properties

Name	Type	Description
address	string	The address of the account.
key	PrivateKey	An instance of PrivateKey containing one private key inside.

MultipleKeyring


const keyring = new caver.wallet.keyring.multipleKeyring(address, keys)

MultipleKeyring is a class that stores the address of the account and the multiple private keys. To create a MultipleKeyring instance with private key strings, please refer to caver.wallet.keyring.create.

MultipleKeyring uses private keys with which no roles assigned.

properties

Name	Type	Description
address	string	The address of the account.
keys	Array	An array of PrivateKey instances containing one private key inside.

RoleBasedKeyring


const keyring = new caver.wallet.keyring.roleBasedKeyring(address, keys)

RoleBasedKeyring is a class that stores the address of the account and the private keys to be used for each role in the form of an array.

RoleBasedKeyring defines keys which is implemented as a two-dimensional array (empty keys looks like [ [], [], [] ]) that can include multiple keys for each role. The first array element defines the private key(s) for roleTransactionKey, the second defines private key(s) for roleAccountUpdateKey, and the third defines the private key(s) for roleFeePayerKey.

properties

Name	Type	Description
address	string	The address of the account.
keys	Array	A two-dimensional array that defines the keys used for each role. Each role includes PrivateKey instance(s). The first element in this is `roleTransactionKey`. The second element is `roleAccountUpdateKey`. The last element is `roleFeePayerKey`.

Below is a getter defined in keyring to intuitively use the key defined for each role. The key used for each role can be accessed more easily through the getter below.

Name	Type	Description
roleTransactionKey	Array	The roleTransactionKey used to sign transactions (except for transactions for the account update). `keyring.roleTransactionkey` will return the first element of `keys` property.
roleAccountUpdateKey	Array	The roleAccountUpdateKey used to sign account update transactions. `keyring.roleAccountUpdateKey` will return the second element of `keys` property.
roleFeePayerKey	Array	The roleFeePayerKey used to sign transactions as a fee payer. `keyring.roleFeePayerKey` will return the thrid element of `keys` property.

PrivateKey


const privateKey = new caver.wallet.keyring.privateKey('0x{private key}')

PrivateKey is a class that contains a private key string. The private key to be used for each role in Keyring is defined as this PrivateKey instance.

properties

Name	Type	Description
privateKey	string	The private key string.

SignatureData

SignatureData is a class that contains signature data inside. The signature which is the result of sign or signMessage will be returned as a signatureData. You can see how signatureData contains signature(s) inside like below.


const signature = new caver.wallet.keyring.signatureData(['0x1b', '0x2dfc6...', '0x15038...'])

properties

Name	Type	Description
v	String	ECDSA recovery id.
r	String	ECDSA signature r.
s	String	ECDSA signature s.

caver.wallet.keyring.generate


caver.wallet.keyring.generate([entropy])

Generates a SingleKeyring instance with a randomly generated private key.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
entropy	string	(optional) A random string to increase entropy.

Return Value

Type	Description
SingleKeyring	A randomly generated single keyring instance is returned.

Example


> caver.wallet.keyring.generate()
SingleKeyring {
    _address: '0x8ecdfda0281f0d36518f89e0e2444c4f98b2e718',
    _key: PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
}

caver.wallet.keyring.generateSingleKey


caver.wallet.keyring.generateSingleKey([entropy])

Generates a private key string.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
entropy	string	(optional) A random string to increase entropy.

Return Value

Type	Description
string	The private key string is returned.

Example


> caver.wallet.keyring.generateSingleKey()
'0x{private key}'

caver.wallet.keyring.generateMultipleKeys


caver.wallet.keyring.generateMultipleKeys(num [, entropy])

Generates private key strings.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
num	number	The number of private key strings.
entropy	string	(optional) A random string to increase entropy.

Return Value

Type	Description
Array	An array that includes private key strings is returned.

Example


> caver.wallet.keyring.generateMultipleKeys(3)
[
    '0x{private key1}',
    '0x{private key2}',
    '0x{private key3}'
]

caver.wallet.keyring.generateRoleBasedKeys


caver.wallet.keyring.generateRoleBasedKeys(numArray [, entropy])

Generates a 2D array of which each array element contains keys defined for each role.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
numArray	Array	An array containing the number of keys for each role.
entropy	string	(optional) A random string to increase entropy.

Return Value

Type	Description
Array	A 2D array of which each array element contains keys defined for each role is returned.

Example


> caver.wallet.keyring.generateRoleBasedKeys([2, 1, 3])
[
    [
        '0x{private key1}',
        '0x{private key2}'
    ],
    [
        '0x{private key3}'
    ],
    [
        '0x{private key4}',
        '0x{private key5}',
        '0x{private key6}'
    ]
]

caver.wallet.keyring.create


caver.wallet.keyring.create(address, key)

Creates a Keyring instance with parameters.

If key is a private key string, a SingleKeyring instance that uses a single private key is created. If key is an array containing private key strings, a MultipleKeyring instance that use multiple private keys is created. If key is a 2D array of which each element contains the private key(s) to be used for each role, a RoleBasedKeyring instance is created.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
address	string	An address of keyring.
key	string \	Array

Return Value

Type	Description
`Keyring`	The keyring instance is returned. Depending on the `key` parameter, it can be SingleKeyring, MultipleKeyring or RoleBasedKeyring.

Example


// Create singleKeyring which uses one private key
> caver.wallet.keyring.create('0x{address in hex}', '0x{private key}')
SingleKeyring {
    _address: '0x30fcfa9679c7141a234c1324c7e0a8b715bdfc90',
    _key: PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
}
// Create multipleKeyring which uses multiple private keys
> caver.wallet.keyring.create('0x{address in hex}', ['0x{private key1}', '0x{private key2}'])
MultipleKeyring {
    _address: '0x30fcfa9679c7141a234c1324c7e0a8b715bdfc90',
    _keys: [
        PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
        PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
    ]
}
// Create roleBasedKeyring which uses different private key(s) by roles
> const roleBasedKeys = [
    ['0x{private key1}', '0x{private key2}'],
    ['0x{private key3}', '0x{private key4}'],
    ['0x{private key5}', '0x{private key6}'],
]
> caver.wallet.keyring.create('0x{address in hex}', roleBasedKeys)
RoleBasedKeyring {
    _address: '0x30fcfa9679c7141a234c1324c7e0a8b715bdfc90',
    _keys: [
        [
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
        ],
        [
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key3}' },
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key4}' }
        ],
        [
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key5}' },
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key6}' }
        ]
    ]
}

caver.wallet.keyring.createFromPrivateKey


caver.wallet.keyring.createFromPrivateKey(key)

Creates a SingleKeyring instance from a private key string or a KlaytnWalletKey.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
key	string	This parameter can be either a private key or KlaytnWalletKey.

Return Value

Type	Description
SingleKeyring	The SingleKeyring instance is returned.

Example


// Create singleKeyring from private key string
> caver.wallet.keyring.createFromPrivateKey('0x{private key}')
SingleKeyring {
    _address: '0xaa7b43f2eab01cfd787b07ce2f2fb5d6d20a8aa0',
    _key: PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
}
// Create singleKeyring from KlaytnWalletKey
> caver.wallet.keyring.createFromPrivateKey('0x{private key}0x{type}0x{address in hex}')
SingleKeyring {
    _address: '0xaa7b43f2eab01cfd787b07ce2f2fb5d6d20a8aa0',
    _key: PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
}

caver.wallet.keyring.createFromKlaytnWalletKey


caver.wallet.keyring.createFromKlaytnWalletKey(klaytnWalletKey)

Creates a SingleKeyring instance from a KlaytnWalletKey string.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
klaytnWalletKey	string	The KlaytnWalletKey string.

Return Value

Type	Description
SingleKeyring	The SingleKeyring instance is returned.

Example


> caver.wallet.keyring.createFromKlaytnWalletKey('0x{private key}0x{type}0x{address in hex}')
SingleKeyring {
    _address: '0xaa7b43f2eab01cfd787b07ce2f2fb5d6d20a8aa0',
    _key: PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
}

caver.wallet.keyring.createWithSingleKey


caver.wallet.keyring.createWithSingleKey(address, key)

Creates a SingleKeyring instance from an address and a private key string.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
address	string	An address to be used for creating a keyring.
key	string	A private key string.

Return Value

Type	Description
SingleKeyring	The SingleKeyring instance is returned.

Example


> caver.wallet.keyring.createWithSingleKey('0x{address in hex}', '0x{private key}')
SingleKeyring {
    _address: '0xaa7b43f2eab01cfd787b07ce2f2fb5d6d20a8aa0',
    _key: PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
}

caver.wallet.keyring.createWithMultipleKey


caver.wallet.keyring.createWithMultipleKey(address, key)

Creates a MultipleKeyring instance from an address and private key strings.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
address	string	An address of keyring.
keyArray	Array	An array of private key strings.

Return Value

Type	Description
MultipleKeyring	The MultipleKeyring instance is returned.

Example


> caver.wallet.keyring.createWithMultipleKey('0x{address in hex}', ['0x{private key1}', '0x{private key2}' ])
MultipleKeyring {
    _address: '0x30fcfa9679c7141a234c1324c7e0a8b715bdfc90',
    _keys: [
        PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
        PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
    ]
}

caver.wallet.keyring.createWithRoleBasedKey


caver.wallet.keyring.createWithRoleBasedKey(address, roledBasedKeyArray)

Creates a RoleBasedKeyring instance from an address and a 2D array of which each array element contains keys defined for each role.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
address	string	An address of keyring.
roledBasedKeyArray	Array	A two-dimensional array containing arrays of private key strings for each role.

Return Value

Type	Description
RoleBasedKeyring	The RoleBasedKeyring instance is returned.

Example


> const roleBasedKeys = [
    ['0x{private key1}', '0x{private key2}'],
    ['0x{private key3}', '0x{private key4}'],
    ['0x{private key5}', '0x{private key6}'],
]
> caver.wallet.keyring.createWithRoleBasedKey('0x{address in hex}', roleBasedKeys)
RoleBasedKeyring {
    _address: '0x30fcfa9679c7141a234c1324c7e0a8b715bdfc90',
    _keys: [
        [
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
        ],
        [
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key3}' },
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key4}' }
        ],
        [
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key5}' },
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key6}' }
        ]
    ]
}

caver.wallet.keyring.decrypt


caver.wallet.keyring.decrypt(keystore, password)

Decrypts a keystore v3 or v4 JSON and returns the decrypted Keyring instance.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
keystore	object	The keystore v3 or v4 to decrypt.
password	string	The password used for encryption.

Return Value

Type	Description
`Keyring`	The decrypted keyring instance (SingleKeyring, MultipleKeyring or RoleBasedKeyring).

Example


// Decrypt keystroe v4 (encrypted single keyring)
> caver.wallet.keyring.decrypt({ 
    version: 4,
    id: '9c12de05-0153-41c7-a8b7-849472eb5de7',
    address: '0xc02cec4d0346bf4124deeb55c5216a4138a40a8c',
    keyring: [
        { 
            ciphertext: 'eacf496cea5e80eca291251b3743bf93cdbcf7072efc3a74efeaf518e2796b15',
            cipherparams: { iv: 'd688a4319342e872cefcf51aef3ec2da' },
            cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
            kdf: 'scrypt',
            kdfparams: {
                dklen: 32,
                salt: 'c3cee502c7157e0faa42386c6d666116ffcdf093c345166c502e23bc34e6ba40',
                n: 4096,
                r: 8,
                p: 1
            },
            mac: '4b49574f3d3356fa0d04f73e07d5a2a6bbfdd185bedfa31f37f347bc98f2ef26'
        }
    ]
}, 'password')
SingleKeyring {
    _address: '0xc02cec4d0346bf4124deeb55c5216a4138a40a8c',
    _key: PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
}
// Decrypt keystroe v4 (encrypted multiple keyring)
> caver.wallet.keyring.decrypt({
    version: 4,
    id: '55da3f9c-6444-4fc1-abfa-f2eabfc57501',
    address: '0x86bce8c859f5f304aa30adb89f2f7b6ee5a0d6e2',
    keyring: [
        {
            ciphertext: '93dd2c777abd9b80a0be8e1eb9739cbf27c127621a5d3f81e7779e47d3bb22f6',
            cipherparams: { iv: '84f90907f3f54f53d19cbd6ae1496b86' },
            cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
            kdf: 'scrypt',
            kdfparams: {
                dklen: 32,
                salt: '69bf176a136c67a39d131912fb1e0ada4be0ed9f882448e1557b5c4233006e10',
                n: 4096,
                r: 8,
                p: 1,
            },
            mac: '8f6d1d234f4a87162cf3de0c7fb1d4a8421cd8f5a97b86b1a8e576ffc1eb52d2',
        },
        {
            ciphertext: '53d50b4e86b550b26919d9b8cea762cd3c637dfe4f2a0f18995d3401ead839a6',
            cipherparams: { iv: 'd7a6f63558996a9f99e7daabd289aa2c' },
            cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
            kdf: 'scrypt',
            kdfparams: {
                dklen: 32,
                salt: '966116898d90c3e53ea09e4850a71e16df9533c1f9e1b2e1a9edec781e1ad44f',
                n: 4096,
                r: 8,
                p: 1,
            },
            mac: 'bca7125e17565c672a110ace9a25755847d42b81aa7df4bb8f5ce01ef7213295',
        },
    ],
}, 'password')
MultipleKeyring {
    _address: '0x86bce8c859f5f304aa30adb89f2f7b6ee5a0d6e2',
    _keys: [
        PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
        PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
    ]
}
// Decrypt keystroe v4 (encrypted role-based keyring)
> caver.wallet.keyring.decrypt({
    version: 4,
    id: '55da3f9c-6444-4fc1-abfa-f2eabfc57501',
    address: '0x86bce8c859f5f304aa30adb89f2f7b6ee5a0d6e2',
    keyring: [
        [
            {
                ciphertext: '93dd2c777abd9b80a0be8e1eb9739cbf27c127621a5d3f81e7779e47d3bb22f6',
                cipherparams: { iv: '84f90907f3f54f53d19cbd6ae1496b86' },
                cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
                kdf: 'scrypt',
                kdfparams: {
                    dklen: 32,
                    salt: '69bf176a136c67a39d131912fb1e0ada4be0ed9f882448e1557b5c4233006e10',
                    n: 4096,
                    r: 8,
                    p: 1,
                },
                mac: '8f6d1d234f4a87162cf3de0c7fb1d4a8421cd8f5a97b86b1a8e576ffc1eb52d2',
            },
            {
                ciphertext: '53d50b4e86b550b26919d9b8cea762cd3c637dfe4f2a0f18995d3401ead839a6',
                cipherparams: { iv: 'd7a6f63558996a9f99e7daabd289aa2c' },
                cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
                kdf: 'scrypt',
                kdfparams: {
                    dklen: 32,
                    salt: '966116898d90c3e53ea09e4850a71e16df9533c1f9e1b2e1a9edec781e1ad44f',
                    n: 4096,
                    r: 8,
                    p: 1,
                },
                mac: 'bca7125e17565c672a110ace9a25755847d42b81aa7df4bb8f5ce01ef7213295',
            },
        ],
        [
            {
                ciphertext: 'f16def98a70bb2dae053f791882f3254c66d63416633b8d91c2848893e7876ce',
                cipherparams: { iv: 'f5006128a4c53bc02cada64d095c15cf' },
                cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
                kdf: 'scrypt',
                kdfparams: {
                    dklen: 32,
                    salt: '0d8a2f71f79c4880e43ff0795f6841a24cb18838b3ca8ecaeb0cda72da9a72ce',
                    n: 4096,
                    r: 8,
                    p: 1,
                },
                mac: '38b79276c3805b9d2ff5fbabf1b9d4ead295151b95401c1e54aed782502fc90a',
            },
        ],
        [
            {
                ciphertext: '544dbcc327942a6a52ad6a7d537e4459506afc700a6da4e8edebd62fb3dd55ee',
                cipherparams: { iv: '05dd5d25ad6426e026818b6fa9b25818' },
                cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
                kdf: 'scrypt',
                kdfparams: {
                    dklen: 32,
                    salt: '3a9003c1527f65c772c54c6056a38b0048c2e2d58dc0e584a1d867f2039a25aa',
                    n: 4096,
                    r: 8,
                    p: 1,
                },
                mac: '19a698b51409cc9ac22d63d329b1201af3c89a04a1faea3111eec4ca97f2e00f',
            },
            {
                ciphertext: 'dd6b920f02cbcf5998ed205f8867ddbd9b6b088add8dfe1774a9fda29ff3920b',
                cipherparams: { iv: 'ac04c0f4559dad80dc86c975d1ef7067' },
                cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
                kdf: 'scrypt',
                kdfparams: {
                    dklen: 32,
                    salt: '22279c6dbcc706d7daa120022a236cfe149496dca8232b0f8159d1df999569d6',
                    n: 4096,
                    r: 8,
                    p: 1,
                },
                mac: '1c54f7378fa279a49a2f790a0adb683defad8535a21bdf2f3dadc48a7bddf517',
            },
        ],
    ],
}, 'password')
RoleBasedKeyring {
    _address: '0x86bce8c859f5f304aa30adb89f2f7b6ee5a0d6e2',
    _keys: [
        [
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
        ],
        [
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key3}' }
        ],
        [
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key4}' },
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key5}' }
        ]
    ]
}
// Decrypt keystroe v3 JSON
> caver.wallet.keyring.decrypt({ 
    version: 3,
    id: '43f99d36-3905-40e6-bff8-ff0dfc380037',
    address: '0xc02cec4d0346bf4124deeb55c5216a4138a40a8c',
    crypto: {
        ciphertext: 'f7296e68807837a5318502c097276a89d58d91b85e45e692aee284a27bcd0955',
        cipherparams: { iv: '03fd985d07777601078840c73cc6f7f3' },
        cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
        kdf: 'scrypt',
        kdfparams: {
            dklen: 32,
            salt: '46f85271c43fa64ab3338c5235f1d5073bc9379d9b7ba6065c89afb816d83a8a',
            n: 4096,
            r: 8,
            p: 1
        },
     mac: '947f13cd1481fa5ba186e59418ef7600fa69e9830054d59e4d5dc67176e1f967'
    }
}, 'password')
SingleKeyring {
    _address: '0xc02cec4d0346bf4124deeb55c5216a4138a40a8c',
    _key: PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
}

keyring.getPublicKey


keyring.getPublicKey()

Returns the public key string(s). If keyring is an instance of SingleKeyring, getPublicKey returns a public key string. If keyring is an instance of MultipleKeyring, getPublicKey returns an array of public key strings. If keyring is an instance of RoleBasedKeyring, getPublicKey returns a two-dimensional array in which the public key(s) used for each role is defined as an array.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
compressed	boolean	(optional) Whether in compressed format or not (default: `false`).

Return Value

Type	Description
string \	Array

Example


// Get public key with singleKeyring
> keyring.getPublicKey()
'0x49b2a...'
// Get public key with multipleKeyring
> keyring.getPublicKey()
[ '0x65b51...', '0x8d85c...' ]
// Get public key with roleBasedKeyring
> keyring.getPublicKey()
[
    [ '0x2d939...', '0x6beb4...', '0xd8f2f...' ],
    [ '0xf09cd...', '0x96a63...', '0x02000...' ],
    [ '0xc2d33...', '0x3088f...', '0xab193...' ]
]

keyring.copy


keyring.copy()

Returns a copied keyring instance.

Return Value

Type	Description
`Keyring`	A copied keyring instance (SingleKeyring, MultipleKeyring or RoleBasedKeyring).

Example


// When keyring is an instance of SingleKeyring
> keyring.copy()
SingleKeyring {
    _address: '0x30fcfa9679c7141a234c1324c7e0a8b715bdfc90',
    _key: PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
}
// When keyring is an instance of MultipleKeyring
> keyring.copy()
MultipleKeyring {
    _address: '0x30fcfa9679c7141a234c1324c7e0a8b715bdfc90',
    _keys: [
        PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
        PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
    ]
}
// When keyring is an instance of RoleBasedKeyring
> keyring.copy()
RoleBasedKeyring {
    _address: '0x30fcfa9679c7141a234c1324c7e0a8b715bdfc90',
    _keys: [
        [
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
        ],
        [
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key3}' },
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key4}' }
        ],
        [
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key5}' },
            PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key6}' }
        ]
    ]
}

keyring.sign


keyring.sign(transactionHash, chainId, role [, index])

Signs with transactionHash with the private key(s) and returns signature(s). If the user has not defined an index parameter, keyring.sign signs transaction using all the private keys used by the role. If index is defined, the keyring.sign signs transaction using only one private key at the index. The role used in caver-js can be checked through caver.wallet.keyring.role.

When signing transactions, it is recommended to use caver.wallet.sign or transaction.sign.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
transactionHash	string	The hash string of a transaction to sign.
chainId	string \	number
role	number	A number indicating the role of the key. You can use `caver.wallet.keyring.role`.
index	number	(optional) The index of the private key you want to use. The index must be less than the length of the array of the private keys defined for each role. If an index is not defined, this method will use all the private keys.

Return Value

Type	Description
Array	An array of SignatureData.

Example


// Using roleBasedKeyring which has two private key in roleTransactionKey
> keyring.sign('0xe9a11d9ef95fb437f75d07ce768d43e74f158dd54b106e7d3746ce29d545b550', '0x2810', caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleTransactionKey)
[
    SignatureData { _v: '0x5044', _r: '0x7a8b6...', _s: '0x17139...' },
    SignatureData { _v: '0x5043', _r: '0x7f978...', _s: '0x1a532...' }
]
// Using roleBasedKeyring which has two private key in roleTransactionKey with index
> keyring.sign('0xe9a11d9ef95fb437f75d07ce768d43e74f158dd54b106e7d3746ce29d545b550', '0x2810', caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleTransactionKey, 1)
[
    SignatureData { _v: '0x5043', _r: '0x7f978...', _s: '0x1a532...' }
]
// Using roleBasedKeyring which has two private key in roleAccountUpdateKey
> keyring.sign('0xe9a11d9ef95fb437f75d07ce768d43e74f158dd54b106e7d3746ce29d545b550', '0x2810', caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleAccountUpdateKey)
[
    SignatureData { _v: '0x5044', _r: '0xdbce8...', _s: '0x039a6...' },
    SignatureData { _v: '0x5044', _r: '0xf69b7...', _s: '0x71dc9...' }
]
// Using roleBasedKeyring which has two private key in roleAccountUpdateKey with index
> keyring.sign('0xe9a11d9ef95fb437f75d07ce768d43e74f158dd54b106e7d3746ce29d545b550', '0x2810', caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleAccountUpdateKey, 1)
[
    SignatureData { _v: '0x5044', _r: '0xf69b7...', _s: '0x71dc9...' }
]
// Using roleBasedKeyring which has two private key in roleFeePayerKey
> keyring.sign('0xe9a11d9ef95fb437f75d07ce768d43e74f158dd54b106e7d3746ce29d545b550', '0x2810', caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleFeePayerKey)
[
    SignatureData { _v: '0x5043', _r: '0xe48bf...', _s: '0x1cf36...' },
    SignatureData { _v: '0x5043', _r: '0x82976...', _s: '0x3c5e0...' }
]
// Using roleBasedKeyring which has two private key in roleFeePayerKey with index
> keyring.sign('0xe9a11d9ef95fb437f75d07ce768d43e74f158dd54b106e7d3746ce29d545b550', '0x2810', caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleFeePayerKey, 1)
[
    SignatureData { _v: '0x5043', _r: '0x82976...', _s: '0x3c5e0...' }
]

keyring.ecsign


keyring.ecsign(hash, role [, index])

Signs with hashed data using the private key and returns a signature where V is 0 or 1 (parity of the y-value of a the secp256k1 curve).

This function is only used for certain transaction types. Therefore, it is recommended to use caver.wallet.sign or transaction.sign when signing a transaction.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
hash	string	The hash string to sign.
role	number	A number indicating the role of the key. You can use `caver.wallet.keyring.role`.
index	number	(optional) The index of the private key you want to use. The index must be less than the length of the array of the private keys defined for each role. If an index is not defined, this method will use all the private keys.

Return Value

Type	Description
Array	An array of SignatureData.

Example


> keyring.ecsign('0xe9a11d9ef95fb437f75d07ce768d43e74f158dd54b106e7d3746ce29d545b550', caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleTransactionKey)
[
    SignatureData { _v: '0x00', _r: '0x7a8b6...', _s: '0x17139...' }
]

keyring.signMessage


keyring.signMessage(message, role [, index])

Signs message with kaia-specific prefix. This calculates a kaia-specific signature with:


sign(keccak256("\x19Klaytn Signed Message:\n" + len(message) + message)))

If the user has not defined the index parameter, keyring.signMessage signs message with all the private keys used by the role. If the index parameter is given, keyring.signMessage signs message using only one private key at the given index. The role used in caver-js can be found through caver.wallet.keyring.role.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
message	string	The message to sign.
role	number	A number indicating the role of the key. You can use `caver.wallet.keyring.role`.
index	number	(optional) The index of the private key you want to use. The index must be less than the length of the array of the private keys defined for each role. If an index is not defined, this method will use all the private keys.

Return Value

Type	Description
object	An object that includes the result of signing.

The returned object contains the following:

Name	Type	Description
messageHash	string	The hash of message with kaia-specific prefix.
signatures	Array	An array of SignatureData.
message	string	The message to sign.

Example


// Sign with roleTransactionKey
> keyring.signMessage('message to sign', caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleTransactionKey)
{
    messageHash: '0x9c4c1ae0aa1faf7e59eaf6fcf36a34542698197b379a9949b58c92925e74c069',
    signatures: [
        SignatureData { _v: '0x1b', _r: '0x2dfc6...', _s: '0x15038...' }
    ],
    message: 'message to sign'
}
// Sign with roleFeePayerKey and index
> keyring.signMessage('message to sign', caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleFeePayerKey, 1)
{
    messageHash: '0x9c4c1ae0aa1faf7e59eaf6fcf36a34542698197b379a9949b58c92925e74c069',
    signatures: [
        SignatureData { _v: '0x1b', _r: '0x2dfc6...', _s: '0x15038...' }
    ],
    message: 'message to sign'
}

keyring.getKeyByRole


keyring.getKeyByRole(role)

Returns the private key(s) used by the role entered as a parameter.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
role	number	A number indicating the role of the key. You can use `caver.wallet.keyring.role`.

Return Value

Type	Description
PrivateKey \	Array

Example


// getKeyByRole with singleKeyring. 
// The singleKeyring will return the single same PrivateKey intance regardless of role.
> keyring.getKeyByRole(caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleTransactionKey)
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
> keyring.getKeyByRole(caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleAccountUpdateKey)
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
> keyring.getKeyByRole(caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleFeePayerKey)
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
// getKeyByRole with multipleKeyring. 
// The multipleKeyring will also return the single same array of PrivateKey intances regardless of role
> keyring.getKeyByRole(caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleTransactionKey)
[
    PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
    PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
]
> keyring.getKeyByRole(caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleAccountUpdateKey)
[
    PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
    PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
]
> keyring.getKeyByRole(caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleFeePayerKey)
[
    PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
    PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
]
// getKeyByRole with roleBasedKeyring. 
// The roleBasedKeyring will return different array of PrivateKey intances depends on role
> keyring.getKeyByRole(caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleTransactionKey)
[
    PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' }
]
> keyring.getKeyByRole(caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleAccountUpdateKey)
[
    PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' },
    PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key3}' }
]
> keyring.getKeyByRole(caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleFeePayerKey)
[
    PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key4}' },
    PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key5}' },
    PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key6}' }
]

keyring.getKlaytnWalletKey


keyring.getKlaytnWalletKey()

Returns the KlaytnWalletKey string for the keyring. With MultipleKeyring or RoleBasedKeyring, KlaytnWalletKey cannot be used. In this case, use keyring.encrypt.

Return Value

Type	Description
string	The KlaytnWalletKey of the keyring.

Example


> keyring.getKlaytnWalletKey()
'0x{private key}0x{type}0x{address in hex}'

keyring.toAccount


keyring.toAccount([options])

Returns the Account instance for updating the AccountKey of the kaiaaccounts. The Account instance has an AccountKey instance that can contain public key(s) inside, which will be sent to kaia Network and used for validating transactions. For more details about Account, see Account Update.

Note that if you update the AccountKey of the Account stored in the kaia, the old private key(s) cannot be used anymore. See Getting started on how to use the returned Account instance to update information in your kaiaaccount on kaia.

Depending on the type of the private key(s) in the keyring, the returned Account instances can be classified as follows.

When the keyring contains a private key string: Return an Account instance that includes the address in the keyring and an instance of AccountKeyPublic
When the keyring contains private key strings: Return an Account instance that includes the address in the keyring and an instance of AccountKeyWeigthedMultiSig
When the keyring contains the different private key strings by role: Return an Account instance that includes the address in the keyring and an instance of AccountKeyRoleBased

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
options	WeightedMultiSigOptions \	Array

Return Value

Type	Description
Account	An Account instance to be used when a user updates AccountKey for their account in the kaia. Note that if you want to replace the existing keyring (or the existing private key(s)) with a new keyring (or a new private key(s)) for your account, you must update your AccountKey by sending an Account Update transaction to kaia beforehand.

Example


// Get account with singleKeyring
> keyring.toAccount()
Account {
    _address: '0x6a3edfad6d1126020d5369e9097db39281876c5d',
    _accountKey: AccountKeyPublic { _publicKey: '0xc396b...' }
}
// Get account with multipleKeyring
> keyring.toAccount()
Account {
    _address: '0x53027503242c2f99969eeb8cb3a31f48f3668712',
    _accountKey: AccountKeyWeightedMultiSig {
        _threshold: 1,
        _weightedPublicKeys: [
            WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0x969c8...' },
            WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0x5bc06...' },
            WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0x33d83...' }
        ]
    }
}
// Get account with multipleKeyring and options
> keyring.toAccount(new caver.account.weightedMultiSigOptions(3, [2, 2, 3]))
Account {
    _address: '0x53027503242c2f99969eeb8cb3a31f48f3668712',
    _accountKey: AccountKeyWeightedMultiSig {
        _threshold: 3,
        _weightedPublicKeys: [
            WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 2, _publicKey: '0x969c8...' },
            WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 2, _publicKey: '0x5bc06...' },
            WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 3, _publicKey: '0x33d83...' }
        ]
    }
}
// Get account with roleBasedKeyring
> keyring.toAccount()
Account {
    _address: '0xe7e9184c125020af5d34eab7848bab799a1dcba9',
    _accountKey: AccountKeyRoleBased {
        _accountKeys: [
            AccountKeyWeightedMultiSig {
                _threshold: 1,
                _weightedPublicKeys: [
                    WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0x65b51...' },
                    WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0x8d85c...' }
                ]
            },
            AccountKeyWeightedMultiSig {
                _threshold: 1,
                _weightedPublicKeys: [
                    WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0x66899...' },
                    WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0x7705d...' }
                ]
            },
            AccountKeyWeightedMultiSig {
                _threshold: 1,
                _weightedPublicKeys: [
                    WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0xaa934...' },
                    WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0xb763f...' }
                ]
            }
        ]
    }
}
// Get account with roleBasedKeyring and options
> const options = [
    new caver.account.weightedMultiSigOptions(3, [2, 3]),
    new caver.account.weightedMultiSigOptions(2, [1, 1]),
    new caver.account.weightedMultiSigOptions(5, [3, 5])
]
> keyring.toAccount(options)
Account {
    _address: '0xe7e9184c125020af5d34eab7848bab799a1dcba9',
    _accountKey: AccountKeyRoleBased {
        _accountKeys: [
            AccountKeyWeightedMultiSig {
                _threshold: 3,
                _weightedPublicKeys: [
                    WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 2, _publicKey: '0x65b51...' },
                    WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 3, _publicKey: '0x8d85c...' }
                ]
            },
            AccountKeyWeightedMultiSig {
                _threshold: 2,
                _weightedPublicKeys: [
                    WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0x66899...' },
                    WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0x7705d...' }
                ]
            },
            AccountKeyWeightedMultiSig {
                _threshold: 5,
                _weightedPublicKeys: [
                    WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 3, _publicKey: '0xaa934...' },
                    WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 5, _publicKey: '0xb763f...' }
                ]
            }
        ]
    }
}

keyring.encrypt


keyring.encrypt(password [, options])

Encrypts a keyring and returns a keystore v4 standard. For more information, please refer to KIP-3.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
password	string	The password to be used for encryption. The encrypted key store can be decrypted with this password.
options	string	(optional) The `options` parameter allows you to specify the values to use when using encrypt.

Return Value

Type	Description
object	The encrypted keystore v4.

The returned object contains the following:

Name	Type	Description
version	number	The version of keystore.
id	string	The id of keystore.
address	string	The address in the encrypted Keyring.
keyring	Array	The encrypted private key(s).

For more information, please refer to KIP-3.

Example


// Encrypt singleKeyring
> keyring.encrypt('password')
{ 
    version: 4,
    id: '9c12de05-0153-41c7-a8b7-849472eb5de7',
    address: '0xc02cec4d0346bf4124deeb55c5216a4138a40a8c',
    keyring: [
        { 
            ciphertext: 'eacf496cea5e80eca291251b3743bf93cdbcf7072efc3a74efeaf518e2796b15',
            cipherparams: { iv: 'd688a4319342e872cefcf51aef3ec2da' },
            cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
            kdf: 'scrypt',
            kdfparams: {
                dklen: 32,
                salt: 'c3cee502c7157e0faa42386c6d666116ffcdf093c345166c502e23bc34e6ba40',
                n: 4096,
                r: 8,
                p: 1
            },
            mac: '4b49574f3d3356fa0d04f73e07d5a2a6bbfdd185bedfa31f37f347bc98f2ef26'
        }
    ]
}
// Encrypt multipleKeyring
> keyring.encrypt('password')
{
    version: 4,
    id: 'b9fe7bb3-3ae9-41df-a0f2-5f20f525a290',
    address: '0x6e039858fe4c65fe6605fde722ef94a78a3fefed',
    keyring: [
        { 
            ciphertext: '91d62dd3be9a854387c2595b0a53d561b2c99c8fe4a675600a16532f48f5c750',
            cipherparams: { iv: '853b3804c6627af342a8b35474105953' },
            cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
            kdf: 'scrypt',
            kdfparams: {
                dklen: 32,
                salt: '3a3b4d9bd97413b2bef95798dc27a29c73d4802ac7258e8b126eeb909f822c72',
                n: 4096,
                r: 8,
                p: 1
            },
            mac: 'b5fe00edb3f9e5c02056b276380b30a7e61ed8e2925b898bc3d528138cd3c939'
        },
        {
            ciphertext: '494486f72355d95991ba95fd5ed7eeecf0f9a3d2fa0a94400125befb4b4c043f',
            cipherparams: { iv: '64be3daa213e359a404ec2e38c1ac9e1' },
            cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
            kdf: 'scrypt',
            kdfparams: {
                dklen: 32,
                salt: 'f089ee99bfe00f9a43b562624b9376b99963b9d4b8681c076935431dc5c98177',
                n: 4096,
                r: 8,
                p: 1
            },
            mac: '4c8a72a3acb8b07d81033a8bc91f01a4025c684e882e758acde441323a75605f'
        }
    ]
}
// Encrypt roleBasedKeyring
> keyring.encrypt('password')
{
    version: 4,
    id: '99d27cfe-8e3f-427c-bd4c-e4e3cd43955b',
    address: '0xe1d711ee2ac2dfec5b1e6ea583c8270b7575702a',
    keyring: [
        [
            {
                ciphertext: '07a3d8c1c6a01734e429bb4ea88d282b3547fa422653f9547c0544bfca011af0',
                cipherparams: { iv: '707177c48b5bfc1f88e91f10eb327b1b' },
                cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
                kdf: 'scrypt',
                kdfparams: { dklen: 32, salt: '452f3e41d9e58b42d348b326319fc27b29ed5f5177e063087f8cb272c6b73fe3', n: 4096, r: 8, p: 1 },
                mac: 'bccd141b9056f7ee26b8e9a4ef52d231403162ed2593df8f2e6b2f2d26a737d2',
            },
            {
                ciphertext: 'c94defa5049b910eb57d46125e3dbdb9d32bfb85f3915aa96e25e75d2346970f',
                cipherparams: { iv: 'fae425c4a44c881e629ccdc0fcf53916' },
                cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
                kdf: 'scrypt',
                kdfparams: { dklen: 32, salt: '37302d0a0625321193e482da55e19a0a51ac250cf4857ecb13112b8c88cbdf44', n: 4096, r: 8, p: 1 },
                mac: '04f7b2879b7e9604356fd4db532c981b4eaa95078c25694e591e7cc2a5c613f1',
            },
        ],
        [
            {
                ciphertext: '015ef2deab867b887fa29c866941512af848e4b547d74a39f44cc4c9ef204b5f',
                cipherparams: { iv: '230271676c4501a860b19b325b1850a6' },
                cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
                kdf: 'scrypt',
                kdfparams: { dklen: 32, salt: 'eb73f9cacea4e0b38634679102ab5b8f0e84464c2fa3ca07d11ebcdfb7a95519', n: 4096, r: 8, p: 1 },
                mac: 'd76a0f22b2f5a23dac30be820260b3fc738083b797d5c608b23bce8a69f63256',
            },
        ],
        [
            {
                ciphertext: '70870f4dd813fc7c0c4ef64ebba03f15c81677d2558d646b3d143ab8e0d27ec2',
                cipherparams: { iv: '841be9a25127fca0cc79740763ec3e55' },
                cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
                kdf: 'scrypt',
                kdfparams: { dklen: 32, salt: '089ef66590b699c347caddafa592c8f074948b0ca6e2957bae45d005cd55a874', n: 4096, r: 8, p: 1 },
                mac: '6e1ad546d9e3ad1f3c3419ace4c9daf34a310001875b1a3228dbfd1891030bff',
            },
        ],
    ],
}

keyring.encryptV3


keyring.encryptV3(password [, options])

Encrypts an instance of SingleKeyring and returns a keystore v3 standard.

Note that MultipleKeyring and RoleBasedKeyring cannot use encryptV3. In this case, please use keyring.encrypt with a keystore V4 standard.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
password	string	The password to be used for encryption. The encrypted key store can be decrypted with this password.
options	string	(optional) The password to be used for encryption. The encrypted key store can be decrypted with this password.

Return Value

Type	Description
object	The encrypted keystore v3.

The returned object contains the following:

Name	Type	Description
version	number	The version of keystore.
id	string	The id of keystore.
address	string	The address of encrypted Keyring.
crypto	object	The encrypted private key.

Example


> keyring.encryptV3('password')
{ 
    version: 3,
    id: '43f99d36-3905-40e6-bff8-ff0dfc380037',
    address: '0xc02cec4d0346bf4124deeb55c5216a4138a40a8c',
    crypto: {
        ciphertext: 'f7296e68807837a5318502c097276a89d58d91b85e45e692aee284a27bcd0955',
        cipherparams: { iv: '03fd985d07777601078840c73cc6f7f3' },
        cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
        kdf: 'scrypt',
        kdfparams: {
            dklen: 32,
            salt: '46f85271c43fa64ab3338c5235f1d5073bc9379d9b7ba6065c89afb816d83a8a',
            n: 4096,
            r: 8,
            p: 1
        },
     mac: '947f13cd1481fa5ba186e59418ef7600fa69e9830054d59e4d5dc67176e1f967'
    }
}

keyring.isDecoupled


keyring.isDecoupled()

Returns true if keyring has decoupled key.

Return Value

Type	Description
boolean	`true` if keyring has decoupled key.

Example


> keyring.isDecoupled()
true
> keyring.isDecoupled()
false

Class ​

SingleKeyring ​

MultipleKeyring ​

RoleBasedKeyring ​

PrivateKey ​

SignatureData ​

caver.wallet.keyring.generate ​

caver.wallet.keyring.generateSingleKey ​

caver.wallet.keyring.generateMultipleKeys ​

caver.wallet.keyring.generateRoleBasedKeys ​

caver.wallet.keyring.create ​

caver.wallet.keyring.createFromPrivateKey ​

caver.wallet.keyring.createFromKlaytnWalletKey ​

caver.wallet.keyring.createWithSingleKey ​

caver.wallet.keyring.createWithMultipleKey ​

caver.wallet.keyring.createWithRoleBasedKey ​

caver.wallet.keyring.decrypt ​

keyring.getPublicKey ​

keyring.copy ​

keyring.sign ​

keyring.ecsign ​

keyring.signMessage ​

keyring.getKeyByRole ​

keyring.getKlaytnWalletKey ​

keyring.toAccount ​

keyring.encrypt ​

keyring.encryptV3 ​

keyring.isDecoupled ​

Class

SingleKeyring

MultipleKeyring

RoleBasedKeyring

PrivateKey

SignatureData

caver.wallet.keyring.generate

caver.wallet.keyring.generateSingleKey

caver.wallet.keyring.generateMultipleKeys

caver.wallet.keyring.generateRoleBasedKeys

caver.wallet.keyring.create

caver.wallet.keyring.createFromPrivateKey

caver.wallet.keyring.createFromKlaytnWalletKey

caver.wallet.keyring.createWithSingleKey

caver.wallet.keyring.createWithMultipleKey

caver.wallet.keyring.createWithRoleBasedKey

caver.wallet.keyring.decrypt

keyring.getPublicKey

keyring.copy

keyring.sign

keyring.ecsign

keyring.signMessage

keyring.getKeyByRole

keyring.getKlaytnWalletKey

keyring.toAccount

keyring.encrypt

keyring.encryptV3

keyring.isDecoupled