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caver.wallet.keyring

caver.wallet.keyring is a package that provides functionality related to Keyring which includes address and private key(s).

Class

Keyring is a structure that contains the address of the account and the private key(s). This is a class in caver-js that allows users to sign on using their own Kaia's account.

Keyring can be classified into three types depending on the type of key being stored: SingleKeyring to store one address and one private key, MultipleKeyring to store one address and multiple private keys, and RoleBasedKeyring to store one address and one or more private keys for each role.

SingleKeyring


const keyring = new caver.wallet.keyring.singleKeyring(address, key)

SingleKeyring is a class that stores the address of the account and a private key. To create a SingleKeyring instance with a private key string, please refer to caver.wallet.keyring.create.

SingleKeyring uses a private key with which no roles assigned.

properties

NameTypeDescription
addressstringThe address of the account.
keyPrivateKeyAn instance of PrivateKey containing one private key inside.

MultipleKeyring


const keyring = new caver.wallet.keyring.multipleKeyring(address, keys)

MultipleKeyring is a class that stores the address of the account and the multiple private keys. To create a MultipleKeyring instance with private key strings, please refer to caver.wallet.keyring.create.

MultipleKeyring uses private keys with which no roles assigned.

properties

NameTypeDescription
addressstringThe address of the account.
keysArrayAn array of PrivateKey instances containing one private key inside.

RoleBasedKeyring


const keyring = new caver.wallet.keyring.roleBasedKeyring(address, keys)

RoleBasedKeyring is a class that stores the address of the account and the private keys to be used for each role in the form of an array.

RoleBasedKeyring defines keys which is implemented as a two-dimensional array (empty keys looks like [ [], [], [] ]) that can include multiple keys for each role. The first array element defines the private key(s) for roleTransactionKey, the second defines private key(s) for roleAccountUpdateKey, and the third defines the private key(s) for roleFeePayerKey.

properties

NameTypeDescription
addressstringThe address of the account.
keysArrayA two-dimensional array that defines the keys used for each role. Each role includes PrivateKey instance(s). The first element in this is roleTransactionKey. The second element is roleAccountUpdateKey. The last element is roleFeePayerKey.

Below is a getter defined in keyring to intuitively use the key defined for each role. The key used for each role can be accessed more easily through the getter below.

NameTypeDescription
roleTransactionKeyArrayThe roleTransactionKey used to sign transactions (except for transactions for the account update). keyring.roleTransactionkey will return the first element of keys property.
roleAccountUpdateKeyArrayThe roleAccountUpdateKey used to sign account update transactions. keyring.roleAccountUpdateKey will return the second element of keys property.
roleFeePayerKeyArrayThe roleFeePayerKey used to sign transactions as a fee payer. keyring.roleFeePayerKey will return the thrid element of keys property.

PrivateKey


const privateKey = new caver.wallet.keyring.privateKey('0x{private key}')

PrivateKey is a class that contains a private key string. The private key to be used for each role in Keyring is defined as this PrivateKey instance.

properties

NameTypeDescription
privateKeystringThe private key string.

SignatureData

SignatureData is a class that contains signature data inside. The signature which is the result of sign or signMessage will be returned as a signatureData. You can see how signatureData contains signature(s) inside like below.


const signature = new caver.wallet.keyring.signatureData(['0x1b', '0x2dfc6...', '0x15038...'])

properties

NameTypeDescription
vStringECDSA recovery id.
rStringECDSA signature r.
sStringECDSA signature s.

caver.wallet.keyring.generate


caver.wallet.keyring.generate([entropy])

Generates a SingleKeyring instance with a randomly generated private key.

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
entropystring(optional) A random string to increase entropy.

Return Value

TypeDescription
SingleKeyringA randomly generated single keyring instance is returned.

Example


> caver.wallet.keyring.generate()
SingleKeyring {
_address: '0x8ecdfda0281f0d36518f89e0e2444c4f98b2e718',
_key: PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
}

caver.wallet.keyring.generateSingleKey


caver.wallet.keyring.generateSingleKey([entropy])

Generates a private key string.

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
entropystring(optional) A random string to increase entropy.

Return Value

TypeDescription
stringThe private key string is returned.

Example


> caver.wallet.keyring.generateSingleKey()
'0x{private key}'

caver.wallet.keyring.generateMultipleKeys


caver.wallet.keyring.generateMultipleKeys(num [, entropy])

Generates private key strings.

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
numnumberThe number of private key strings.
entropystring(optional) A random string to increase entropy.

Return Value

TypeDescription
ArrayAn array that includes private key strings is returned.

Example


> caver.wallet.keyring.generateMultipleKeys(3)
[
'0x{private key1}',
'0x{private key2}',
'0x{private key3}'
]

caver.wallet.keyring.generateRoleBasedKeys


caver.wallet.keyring.generateRoleBasedKeys(numArray [, entropy])

Generates a 2D array of which each array element contains keys defined for each role.

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
numArrayArrayAn array containing the number of keys for each role.
entropystring(optional) A random string to increase entropy.

Return Value

TypeDescription
ArrayA 2D array of which each array element contains keys defined for each role is returned.

Example


> caver.wallet.keyring.generateRoleBasedKeys([2, 1, 3])
[
[
'0x{private key1}',
'0x{private key2}'
],
[
'0x{private key3}'
],
[
'0x{private key4}',
'0x{private key5}',
'0x{private key6}'
]
]

caver.wallet.keyring.create


caver.wallet.keyring.create(address, key)

Creates a Keyring instance with parameters.

If key is a private key string, a SingleKeyring instance that uses a single private key is created. If key is an array containing private key strings, a MultipleKeyring instance that use multiple private keys is created. If key is a 2D array of which each element contains the private key(s) to be used for each role, a RoleBasedKeyring instance is created.

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
addressstringAn address of keyring.
keystring \The private key string, an array of private keys, or a 2D array of which each element contains key(s) to be used for each role.

Return Value

TypeDescription
KeyringThe keyring instance is returned. Depending on the key parameter, it can be SingleKeyring, MultipleKeyring or RoleBasedKeyring.

Example


// Create singleKeyring which uses one private key
> caver.wallet.keyring.create('0x{address in hex}', '0x{private key}')
SingleKeyring {
_address: '0x30fcfa9679c7141a234c1324c7e0a8b715bdfc90',
_key: PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
}
// Create multipleKeyring which uses multiple private keys
> caver.wallet.keyring.create('0x{address in hex}', ['0x{private key1}', '0x{private key2}'])
MultipleKeyring {
_address: '0x30fcfa9679c7141a234c1324c7e0a8b715bdfc90',
_keys: [
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
]
}
// Create roleBasedKeyring which uses different private key(s) by roles
> const roleBasedKeys = [
['0x{private key1}', '0x{private key2}'],
['0x{private key3}', '0x{private key4}'],
['0x{private key5}', '0x{private key6}'],
]
> caver.wallet.keyring.create('0x{address in hex}', roleBasedKeys)
RoleBasedKeyring {
_address: '0x30fcfa9679c7141a234c1324c7e0a8b715bdfc90',
_keys: [
[
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
],
[
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key3}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key4}' }
],
[
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key5}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key6}' }
]
]
}

caver.wallet.keyring.createFromPrivateKey


caver.wallet.keyring.createFromPrivateKey(key)

Creates a SingleKeyring instance from a private key string or a KlaytnWalletKey.

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
keystringThis parameter can be either a private key or KlaytnWalletKey.

Return Value

TypeDescription
SingleKeyringThe SingleKeyring instance is returned.

Example


// Create singleKeyring from private key string
> caver.wallet.keyring.createFromPrivateKey('0x{private key}')
SingleKeyring {
_address: '0xaa7b43f2eab01cfd787b07ce2f2fb5d6d20a8aa0',
_key: PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
}
// Create singleKeyring from KlaytnWalletKey
> caver.wallet.keyring.createFromPrivateKey('0x{private key}0x{type}0x{address in hex}')
SingleKeyring {
_address: '0xaa7b43f2eab01cfd787b07ce2f2fb5d6d20a8aa0',
_key: PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
}

caver.wallet.keyring.createFromKlaytnWalletKey


caver.wallet.keyring.createFromKlaytnWalletKey(klaytnWalletKey)

Creates a SingleKeyring instance from a KlaytnWalletKey string.

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
klaytnWalletKeystringThe KlaytnWalletKey string.

Return Value

TypeDescription
SingleKeyringThe SingleKeyring instance is returned.

Example


> caver.wallet.keyring.createFromKlaytnWalletKey('0x{private key}0x{type}0x{address in hex}')
SingleKeyring {
_address: '0xaa7b43f2eab01cfd787b07ce2f2fb5d6d20a8aa0',
_key: PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
}

caver.wallet.keyring.createWithSingleKey


caver.wallet.keyring.createWithSingleKey(address, key)

Creates a SingleKeyring instance from an address and a private key string.

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
addressstringAn address to be used for creating a keyring.
keystringA private key string.

Return Value

TypeDescription
SingleKeyringThe SingleKeyring instance is returned.

Example


> caver.wallet.keyring.createWithSingleKey('0x{address in hex}', '0x{private key}')
SingleKeyring {
_address: '0xaa7b43f2eab01cfd787b07ce2f2fb5d6d20a8aa0',
_key: PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
}

caver.wallet.keyring.createWithMultipleKey


caver.wallet.keyring.createWithMultipleKey(address, key)

Creates a MultipleKeyring instance from an address and private key strings.

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
addressstringAn address of keyring.
keyArrayArrayAn array of private key strings.

Return Value

TypeDescription
MultipleKeyringThe MultipleKeyring instance is returned.

Example


> caver.wallet.keyring.createWithMultipleKey('0x{address in hex}', ['0x{private key1}', '0x{private key2}' ])
MultipleKeyring {
_address: '0x30fcfa9679c7141a234c1324c7e0a8b715bdfc90',
_keys: [
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
]
}

caver.wallet.keyring.createWithRoleBasedKey


caver.wallet.keyring.createWithRoleBasedKey(address, roledBasedKeyArray)

Creates a RoleBasedKeyring instance from an address and a 2D array of which each array element contains keys defined for each role.

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
addressstringAn address of keyring.
roledBasedKeyArrayArrayA two-dimensional array containing arrays of private key strings for each role.

Return Value

TypeDescription
RoleBasedKeyringThe RoleBasedKeyring instance is returned.

Example


> const roleBasedKeys = [
['0x{private key1}', '0x{private key2}'],
['0x{private key3}', '0x{private key4}'],
['0x{private key5}', '0x{private key6}'],
]
> caver.wallet.keyring.createWithRoleBasedKey('0x{address in hex}', roleBasedKeys)
RoleBasedKeyring {
_address: '0x30fcfa9679c7141a234c1324c7e0a8b715bdfc90',
_keys: [
[
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
],
[
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key3}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key4}' }
],
[
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key5}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key6}' }
]
]
}

caver.wallet.keyring.decrypt


caver.wallet.keyring.decrypt(keystore, password)

Decrypts a keystore v3 or v4 JSON and returns the decrypted Keyring instance.

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
keystoreobjectThe keystore v3 or v4 to decrypt.
passwordstringThe password used for encryption.

Return Value

TypeDescription
KeyringThe decrypted keyring instance (SingleKeyring, MultipleKeyring or RoleBasedKeyring).

Example


// Decrypt keystroe v4 (encrypted single keyring)
> caver.wallet.keyring.decrypt({
version: 4,
id: '9c12de05-0153-41c7-a8b7-849472eb5de7',
address: '0xc02cec4d0346bf4124deeb55c5216a4138a40a8c',
keyring: [
{
ciphertext: 'eacf496cea5e80eca291251b3743bf93cdbcf7072efc3a74efeaf518e2796b15',
cipherparams: { iv: 'd688a4319342e872cefcf51aef3ec2da' },
cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
kdf: 'scrypt',
kdfparams: {
dklen: 32,
salt: 'c3cee502c7157e0faa42386c6d666116ffcdf093c345166c502e23bc34e6ba40',
n: 4096,
r: 8,
p: 1
},
mac: '4b49574f3d3356fa0d04f73e07d5a2a6bbfdd185bedfa31f37f347bc98f2ef26'
}
]
}, 'password')
SingleKeyring {
_address: '0xc02cec4d0346bf4124deeb55c5216a4138a40a8c',
_key: PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
}
// Decrypt keystroe v4 (encrypted multiple keyring)
> caver.wallet.keyring.decrypt({
version: 4,
id: '55da3f9c-6444-4fc1-abfa-f2eabfc57501',
address: '0x86bce8c859f5f304aa30adb89f2f7b6ee5a0d6e2',
keyring: [
{
ciphertext: '93dd2c777abd9b80a0be8e1eb9739cbf27c127621a5d3f81e7779e47d3bb22f6',
cipherparams: { iv: '84f90907f3f54f53d19cbd6ae1496b86' },
cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
kdf: 'scrypt',
kdfparams: {
dklen: 32,
salt: '69bf176a136c67a39d131912fb1e0ada4be0ed9f882448e1557b5c4233006e10',
n: 4096,
r: 8,
p: 1,
},
mac: '8f6d1d234f4a87162cf3de0c7fb1d4a8421cd8f5a97b86b1a8e576ffc1eb52d2',
},
{
ciphertext: '53d50b4e86b550b26919d9b8cea762cd3c637dfe4f2a0f18995d3401ead839a6',
cipherparams: { iv: 'd7a6f63558996a9f99e7daabd289aa2c' },
cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
kdf: 'scrypt',
kdfparams: {
dklen: 32,
salt: '966116898d90c3e53ea09e4850a71e16df9533c1f9e1b2e1a9edec781e1ad44f',
n: 4096,
r: 8,
p: 1,
},
mac: 'bca7125e17565c672a110ace9a25755847d42b81aa7df4bb8f5ce01ef7213295',
},
],
}, 'password')
MultipleKeyring {
_address: '0x86bce8c859f5f304aa30adb89f2f7b6ee5a0d6e2',
_keys: [
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
]
}
// Decrypt keystroe v4 (encrypted role-based keyring)
> caver.wallet.keyring.decrypt({
version: 4,
id: '55da3f9c-6444-4fc1-abfa-f2eabfc57501',
address: '0x86bce8c859f5f304aa30adb89f2f7b6ee5a0d6e2',
keyring: [
[
{
ciphertext: '93dd2c777abd9b80a0be8e1eb9739cbf27c127621a5d3f81e7779e47d3bb22f6',
cipherparams: { iv: '84f90907f3f54f53d19cbd6ae1496b86' },
cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
kdf: 'scrypt',
kdfparams: {
dklen: 32,
salt: '69bf176a136c67a39d131912fb1e0ada4be0ed9f882448e1557b5c4233006e10',
n: 4096,
r: 8,
p: 1,
},
mac: '8f6d1d234f4a87162cf3de0c7fb1d4a8421cd8f5a97b86b1a8e576ffc1eb52d2',
},
{
ciphertext: '53d50b4e86b550b26919d9b8cea762cd3c637dfe4f2a0f18995d3401ead839a6',
cipherparams: { iv: 'd7a6f63558996a9f99e7daabd289aa2c' },
cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
kdf: 'scrypt',
kdfparams: {
dklen: 32,
salt: '966116898d90c3e53ea09e4850a71e16df9533c1f9e1b2e1a9edec781e1ad44f',
n: 4096,
r: 8,
p: 1,
},
mac: 'bca7125e17565c672a110ace9a25755847d42b81aa7df4bb8f5ce01ef7213295',
},
],
[
{
ciphertext: 'f16def98a70bb2dae053f791882f3254c66d63416633b8d91c2848893e7876ce',
cipherparams: { iv: 'f5006128a4c53bc02cada64d095c15cf' },
cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
kdf: 'scrypt',
kdfparams: {
dklen: 32,
salt: '0d8a2f71f79c4880e43ff0795f6841a24cb18838b3ca8ecaeb0cda72da9a72ce',
n: 4096,
r: 8,
p: 1,
},
mac: '38b79276c3805b9d2ff5fbabf1b9d4ead295151b95401c1e54aed782502fc90a',
},
],
[
{
ciphertext: '544dbcc327942a6a52ad6a7d537e4459506afc700a6da4e8edebd62fb3dd55ee',
cipherparams: { iv: '05dd5d25ad6426e026818b6fa9b25818' },
cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
kdf: 'scrypt',
kdfparams: {
dklen: 32,
salt: '3a9003c1527f65c772c54c6056a38b0048c2e2d58dc0e584a1d867f2039a25aa',
n: 4096,
r: 8,
p: 1,
},
mac: '19a698b51409cc9ac22d63d329b1201af3c89a04a1faea3111eec4ca97f2e00f',
},
{
ciphertext: 'dd6b920f02cbcf5998ed205f8867ddbd9b6b088add8dfe1774a9fda29ff3920b',
cipherparams: { iv: 'ac04c0f4559dad80dc86c975d1ef7067' },
cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
kdf: 'scrypt',
kdfparams: {
dklen: 32,
salt: '22279c6dbcc706d7daa120022a236cfe149496dca8232b0f8159d1df999569d6',
n: 4096,
r: 8,
p: 1,
},
mac: '1c54f7378fa279a49a2f790a0adb683defad8535a21bdf2f3dadc48a7bddf517',
},
],
],
}, 'password')
RoleBasedKeyring {
_address: '0x86bce8c859f5f304aa30adb89f2f7b6ee5a0d6e2',
_keys: [
[
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
],
[
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key3}' }
],
[
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key4}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key5}' }
]
]
}
// Decrypt keystroe v3 JSON
> caver.wallet.keyring.decrypt({
version: 3,
id: '43f99d36-3905-40e6-bff8-ff0dfc380037',
address: '0xc02cec4d0346bf4124deeb55c5216a4138a40a8c',
crypto: {
ciphertext: 'f7296e68807837a5318502c097276a89d58d91b85e45e692aee284a27bcd0955',
cipherparams: { iv: '03fd985d07777601078840c73cc6f7f3' },
cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
kdf: 'scrypt',
kdfparams: {
dklen: 32,
salt: '46f85271c43fa64ab3338c5235f1d5073bc9379d9b7ba6065c89afb816d83a8a',
n: 4096,
r: 8,
p: 1
},
mac: '947f13cd1481fa5ba186e59418ef7600fa69e9830054d59e4d5dc67176e1f967'
}
}, 'password')
SingleKeyring {
_address: '0xc02cec4d0346bf4124deeb55c5216a4138a40a8c',
_key: PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
}

keyring.getPublicKey


keyring.getPublicKey()

Returns the public key string(s). If keyring is an instance of SingleKeyring, getPublicKey returns a public key string. If keyring is an instance of MultipleKeyring, getPublicKey returns an array of public key strings. If keyring is an instance of RoleBasedKeyring, getPublicKey returns a two-dimensional array in which the public key(s) used for each role is defined as an array.

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
compressedboolean(optional) Whether in compressed format or not (default: false).

Return Value

TypeDescription
string \The public key of the keyring.

Example


// Get public key with singleKeyring
> keyring.getPublicKey()
'0x49b2a...'
// Get public key with multipleKeyring
> keyring.getPublicKey()
[ '0x65b51...', '0x8d85c...' ]
// Get public key with roleBasedKeyring
> keyring.getPublicKey()
[
[ '0x2d939...', '0x6beb4...', '0xd8f2f...' ],
[ '0xf09cd...', '0x96a63...', '0x02000...' ],
[ '0xc2d33...', '0x3088f...', '0xab193...' ]
]

keyring.copy


keyring.copy()

Returns a copied keyring instance.

Return Value

TypeDescription
KeyringA copied keyring instance (SingleKeyring, MultipleKeyring or RoleBasedKeyring).

Example


// When keyring is an instance of SingleKeyring
> keyring.copy()
SingleKeyring {
_address: '0x30fcfa9679c7141a234c1324c7e0a8b715bdfc90',
_key: PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
}
// When keyring is an instance of MultipleKeyring
> keyring.copy()
MultipleKeyring {
_address: '0x30fcfa9679c7141a234c1324c7e0a8b715bdfc90',
_keys: [
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
]
}
// When keyring is an instance of RoleBasedKeyring
> keyring.copy()
RoleBasedKeyring {
_address: '0x30fcfa9679c7141a234c1324c7e0a8b715bdfc90',
_keys: [
[
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
],
[
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key3}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key4}' }
],
[
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key5}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key6}' }
]
]
}

keyring.sign


keyring.sign(transactionHash, chainId, role [, index])

Signs with transactionHash with the private key(s) and returns signature(s). If the user has not defined an index parameter, keyring.sign signs transaction using all the private keys used by the role. If index is defined, the keyring.sign signs transaction using only one private key at the index. The role used in caver-js can be checked through caver.wallet.keyring.role.

When signing transactions, it is recommended to use caver.wallet.sign or transaction.sign.

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
transactionHashstringThe hash string of a transaction to sign.
chainIdstring \The chain id of the kaia blockchain platform.
rolenumberA number indicating the role of the key. You can use caver.wallet.keyring.role.
indexnumber(optional) The index of the private key you want to use. The index must be less than the length of the array of the private keys defined for each role. If an index is not defined, this method will use all the private keys.

Return Value

TypeDescription
ArrayAn array of SignatureData.

Example


// Using roleBasedKeyring which has two private key in roleTransactionKey
> keyring.sign('0xe9a11d9ef95fb437f75d07ce768d43e74f158dd54b106e7d3746ce29d545b550', '0x2810', caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleTransactionKey)
[
SignatureData { _v: '0x5044', _r: '0x7a8b6...', _s: '0x17139...' },
SignatureData { _v: '0x5043', _r: '0x7f978...', _s: '0x1a532...' }
]
// Using roleBasedKeyring which has two private key in roleTransactionKey with index
> keyring.sign('0xe9a11d9ef95fb437f75d07ce768d43e74f158dd54b106e7d3746ce29d545b550', '0x2810', caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleTransactionKey, 1)
[
SignatureData { _v: '0x5043', _r: '0x7f978...', _s: '0x1a532...' }
]
// Using roleBasedKeyring which has two private key in roleAccountUpdateKey
> keyring.sign('0xe9a11d9ef95fb437f75d07ce768d43e74f158dd54b106e7d3746ce29d545b550', '0x2810', caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleAccountUpdateKey)
[
SignatureData { _v: '0x5044', _r: '0xdbce8...', _s: '0x039a6...' },
SignatureData { _v: '0x5044', _r: '0xf69b7...', _s: '0x71dc9...' }
]
// Using roleBasedKeyring which has two private key in roleAccountUpdateKey with index
> keyring.sign('0xe9a11d9ef95fb437f75d07ce768d43e74f158dd54b106e7d3746ce29d545b550', '0x2810', caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleAccountUpdateKey, 1)
[
SignatureData { _v: '0x5044', _r: '0xf69b7...', _s: '0x71dc9...' }
]
// Using roleBasedKeyring which has two private key in roleFeePayerKey
> keyring.sign('0xe9a11d9ef95fb437f75d07ce768d43e74f158dd54b106e7d3746ce29d545b550', '0x2810', caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleFeePayerKey)
[
SignatureData { _v: '0x5043', _r: '0xe48bf...', _s: '0x1cf36...' },
SignatureData { _v: '0x5043', _r: '0x82976...', _s: '0x3c5e0...' }
]
// Using roleBasedKeyring which has two private key in roleFeePayerKey with index
> keyring.sign('0xe9a11d9ef95fb437f75d07ce768d43e74f158dd54b106e7d3746ce29d545b550', '0x2810', caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleFeePayerKey, 1)
[
SignatureData { _v: '0x5043', _r: '0x82976...', _s: '0x3c5e0...' }
]

keyring.ecsign


keyring.ecsign(hash, role [, index])

Signs with hashed data using the private key and returns a signature where V is 0 or 1 (parity of the y-value of a the secp256k1 curve).

This function is only used for certain transaction types. Therefore, it is recommended to use caver.wallet.sign or transaction.sign when signing a transaction.

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
hashstringThe hash string to sign.
rolenumberA number indicating the role of the key. You can use caver.wallet.keyring.role.
indexnumber(optional) The index of the private key you want to use. The index must be less than the length of the array of the private keys defined for each role. If an index is not defined, this method will use all the private keys.

Return Value

TypeDescription
ArrayAn array of SignatureData.

Example


> keyring.ecsign('0xe9a11d9ef95fb437f75d07ce768d43e74f158dd54b106e7d3746ce29d545b550', caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleTransactionKey)
[
SignatureData { _v: '0x00', _r: '0x7a8b6...', _s: '0x17139...' }
]

keyring.signMessage


keyring.signMessage(message, role [, index])

Signs message with kaia-specific prefix. This calculates a kaia-specific signature with:


sign(keccak256("\x19Klaytn Signed Message:\n" + len(message) + message)))

If the user has not defined the index parameter, keyring.signMessage signs message with all the private keys used by the role. If the index parameter is given, keyring.signMessage signs message using only one private key at the given index. The role used in caver-js can be found through caver.wallet.keyring.role.

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
messagestringThe message to sign.
rolenumberA number indicating the role of the key. You can use caver.wallet.keyring.role.
indexnumber(optional) The index of the private key you want to use. The index must be less than the length of the array of the private keys defined for each role. If an index is not defined, this method will use all the private keys.

Return Value

TypeDescription
objectAn object that includes the result of signing.

The returned object contains the following:

NameTypeDescription
messageHashstringThe hash of message with kaia-specific prefix.
signaturesArrayAn array of SignatureData.
messagestringThe message to sign.

Example


// Sign with roleTransactionKey
> keyring.signMessage('message to sign', caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleTransactionKey)
{
messageHash: '0x9c4c1ae0aa1faf7e59eaf6fcf36a34542698197b379a9949b58c92925e74c069',
signatures: [
SignatureData { _v: '0x1b', _r: '0x2dfc6...', _s: '0x15038...' }
],
message: 'message to sign'
}
// Sign with roleFeePayerKey and index
> keyring.signMessage('message to sign', caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleFeePayerKey, 1)
{
messageHash: '0x9c4c1ae0aa1faf7e59eaf6fcf36a34542698197b379a9949b58c92925e74c069',
signatures: [
SignatureData { _v: '0x1b', _r: '0x2dfc6...', _s: '0x15038...' }
],
message: 'message to sign'
}

keyring.getKeyByRole


keyring.getKeyByRole(role)

Returns the private key(s) used by the role entered as a parameter.

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
rolenumberA number indicating the role of the key. You can use caver.wallet.keyring.role.

Return Value

TypeDescription
PrivateKey \An instance of PrivateKey or an array containing the PrivateKey instances used by the role.

Example


// getKeyByRole with singleKeyring.
// The singleKeyring will return the single same PrivateKey intance regardless of role.
> keyring.getKeyByRole(caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleTransactionKey)
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
> keyring.getKeyByRole(caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleAccountUpdateKey)
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
> keyring.getKeyByRole(caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleFeePayerKey)
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key}' }
// getKeyByRole with multipleKeyring.
// The multipleKeyring will also return the single same array of PrivateKey intances regardless of role
> keyring.getKeyByRole(caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleTransactionKey)
[
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
]
> keyring.getKeyByRole(caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleAccountUpdateKey)
[
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
]
> keyring.getKeyByRole(caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleFeePayerKey)
[
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' }
]
// getKeyByRole with roleBasedKeyring.
// The roleBasedKeyring will return different array of PrivateKey intances depends on role
> keyring.getKeyByRole(caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleTransactionKey)
[
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key1}' }
]
> keyring.getKeyByRole(caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleAccountUpdateKey)
[
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key2}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key3}' }
]
> keyring.getKeyByRole(caver.wallet.keyring.role.roleFeePayerKey)
[
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key4}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key5}' },
PrivateKey { _privateKey: '0x{private key6}' }
]

keyring.getKlaytnWalletKey


keyring.getKlaytnWalletKey()

Returns the KlaytnWalletKey string for the keyring. With MultipleKeyring or RoleBasedKeyring, KlaytnWalletKey cannot be used. In this case, use keyring.encrypt.

Return Value

TypeDescription
stringThe KlaytnWalletKey of the keyring.

Example


> keyring.getKlaytnWalletKey()
'0x{private key}0x{type}0x{address in hex}'

keyring.toAccount


keyring.toAccount([options])

Returns the Account instance for updating the AccountKey of the kaiaaccounts. The Account instance has an AccountKey instance that can contain public key(s) inside, which will be sent to kaia Network and used for validating transactions. For more details about Account, see Account Update.

Note that if you update the AccountKey of the Account stored in the kaia, the old private key(s) cannot be used anymore. See Getting started on how to use the returned Account instance to update information in your kaiaaccount on kaia.

Depending on the type of the private key(s) in the keyring, the returned Account instances can be classified as follows.

  • When the keyring contains a private key string: Return an Account instance that includes the address in the keyring and an instance of AccountKeyPublic
  • When the keyring contains private key strings: Return an Account instance that includes the address in the keyring and an instance of AccountKeyWeigthedMultiSig
  • When the keyring contains the different private key strings by role: Return an Account instance that includes the address in the keyring and an instance of AccountKeyRoleBased

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
optionsWeightedMultiSigOptions \(optional) WeightedMultiSigOptions instance containing information that should be defined when updating your existing account to the one with a number of private keys. If keyring uses different private keys for each role, a WeightedMultiSigOptions instance must be defined for each role in an array. If keyring uses more than one private key and options parameter is not defined, the default WeightedMultiSigOptions with the threshold of 1 and the weight of 1 for each key will be used.

Return Value

TypeDescription
AccountAn Account instance to be used when a user updates AccountKey for their account in the kaia. Note that if you want to replace the existing keyring (or the existing private key(s)) with a new keyring (or a new private key(s)) for your account, you must update your AccountKey by sending an Account Update transaction to kaia beforehand.

Example


// Get account with singleKeyring
> keyring.toAccount()
Account {
_address: '0x6a3edfad6d1126020d5369e9097db39281876c5d',
_accountKey: AccountKeyPublic { _publicKey: '0xc396b...' }
}
// Get account with multipleKeyring
> keyring.toAccount()
Account {
_address: '0x53027503242c2f99969eeb8cb3a31f48f3668712',
_accountKey: AccountKeyWeightedMultiSig {
_threshold: 1,
_weightedPublicKeys: [
WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0x969c8...' },
WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0x5bc06...' },
WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0x33d83...' }
]
}
}
// Get account with multipleKeyring and options
> keyring.toAccount(new caver.account.weightedMultiSigOptions(3, [2, 2, 3]))
Account {
_address: '0x53027503242c2f99969eeb8cb3a31f48f3668712',
_accountKey: AccountKeyWeightedMultiSig {
_threshold: 3,
_weightedPublicKeys: [
WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 2, _publicKey: '0x969c8...' },
WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 2, _publicKey: '0x5bc06...' },
WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 3, _publicKey: '0x33d83...' }
]
}
}
// Get account with roleBasedKeyring
> keyring.toAccount()
Account {
_address: '0xe7e9184c125020af5d34eab7848bab799a1dcba9',
_accountKey: AccountKeyRoleBased {
_accountKeys: [
AccountKeyWeightedMultiSig {
_threshold: 1,
_weightedPublicKeys: [
WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0x65b51...' },
WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0x8d85c...' }
]
},
AccountKeyWeightedMultiSig {
_threshold: 1,
_weightedPublicKeys: [
WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0x66899...' },
WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0x7705d...' }
]
},
AccountKeyWeightedMultiSig {
_threshold: 1,
_weightedPublicKeys: [
WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0xaa934...' },
WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0xb763f...' }
]
}
]
}
}
// Get account with roleBasedKeyring and options
> const options = [
new caver.account.weightedMultiSigOptions(3, [2, 3]),
new caver.account.weightedMultiSigOptions(2, [1, 1]),
new caver.account.weightedMultiSigOptions(5, [3, 5])
]
> keyring.toAccount(options)
Account {
_address: '0xe7e9184c125020af5d34eab7848bab799a1dcba9',
_accountKey: AccountKeyRoleBased {
_accountKeys: [
AccountKeyWeightedMultiSig {
_threshold: 3,
_weightedPublicKeys: [
WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 2, _publicKey: '0x65b51...' },
WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 3, _publicKey: '0x8d85c...' }
]
},
AccountKeyWeightedMultiSig {
_threshold: 2,
_weightedPublicKeys: [
WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0x66899...' },
WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 1, _publicKey: '0x7705d...' }
]
},
AccountKeyWeightedMultiSig {
_threshold: 5,
_weightedPublicKeys: [
WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 3, _publicKey: '0xaa934...' },
WeightedPublicKey { _weight: 5, _publicKey: '0xb763f...' }
]
}
]
}
}

keyring.encrypt


keyring.encrypt(password [, options])

Encrypts a keyring and returns a keystore v4 standard. For more information, please refer to KIP-3.

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
passwordstringThe password to be used for encryption. The encrypted key store can be decrypted with this password.
optionsstring(optional) The options parameter allows you to specify the values to use when using encrypt.

Return Value

TypeDescription
objectThe encrypted keystore v4.

The returned object contains the following:

NameTypeDescription
versionnumberThe version of keystore.
idstringThe id of keystore.
addressstringThe address in the encrypted Keyring.
keyringArrayThe encrypted private key(s).

For more information, please refer to KIP-3.

Example


// Encrypt singleKeyring
> keyring.encrypt('password')
{
version: 4,
id: '9c12de05-0153-41c7-a8b7-849472eb5de7',
address: '0xc02cec4d0346bf4124deeb55c5216a4138a40a8c',
keyring: [
{
ciphertext: 'eacf496cea5e80eca291251b3743bf93cdbcf7072efc3a74efeaf518e2796b15',
cipherparams: { iv: 'd688a4319342e872cefcf51aef3ec2da' },
cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
kdf: 'scrypt',
kdfparams: {
dklen: 32,
salt: 'c3cee502c7157e0faa42386c6d666116ffcdf093c345166c502e23bc34e6ba40',
n: 4096,
r: 8,
p: 1
},
mac: '4b49574f3d3356fa0d04f73e07d5a2a6bbfdd185bedfa31f37f347bc98f2ef26'
}
]
}
// Encrypt multipleKeyring
> keyring.encrypt('password')
{
version: 4,
id: 'b9fe7bb3-3ae9-41df-a0f2-5f20f525a290',
address: '0x6e039858fe4c65fe6605fde722ef94a78a3fefed',
keyring: [
{
ciphertext: '91d62dd3be9a854387c2595b0a53d561b2c99c8fe4a675600a16532f48f5c750',
cipherparams: { iv: '853b3804c6627af342a8b35474105953' },
cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
kdf: 'scrypt',
kdfparams: {
dklen: 32,
salt: '3a3b4d9bd97413b2bef95798dc27a29c73d4802ac7258e8b126eeb909f822c72',
n: 4096,
r: 8,
p: 1
},
mac: 'b5fe00edb3f9e5c02056b276380b30a7e61ed8e2925b898bc3d528138cd3c939'
},
{
ciphertext: '494486f72355d95991ba95fd5ed7eeecf0f9a3d2fa0a94400125befb4b4c043f',
cipherparams: { iv: '64be3daa213e359a404ec2e38c1ac9e1' },
cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
kdf: 'scrypt',
kdfparams: {
dklen: 32,
salt: 'f089ee99bfe00f9a43b562624b9376b99963b9d4b8681c076935431dc5c98177',
n: 4096,
r: 8,
p: 1
},
mac: '4c8a72a3acb8b07d81033a8bc91f01a4025c684e882e758acde441323a75605f'
}
]
}
// Encrypt roleBasedKeyring
> keyring.encrypt('password')
{
version: 4,
id: '99d27cfe-8e3f-427c-bd4c-e4e3cd43955b',
address: '0xe1d711ee2ac2dfec5b1e6ea583c8270b7575702a',
keyring: [
[
{
ciphertext: '07a3d8c1c6a01734e429bb4ea88d282b3547fa422653f9547c0544bfca011af0',
cipherparams: { iv: '707177c48b5bfc1f88e91f10eb327b1b' },
cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
kdf: 'scrypt',
kdfparams: { dklen: 32, salt: '452f3e41d9e58b42d348b326319fc27b29ed5f5177e063087f8cb272c6b73fe3', n: 4096, r: 8, p: 1 },
mac: 'bccd141b9056f7ee26b8e9a4ef52d231403162ed2593df8f2e6b2f2d26a737d2',
},
{
ciphertext: 'c94defa5049b910eb57d46125e3dbdb9d32bfb85f3915aa96e25e75d2346970f',
cipherparams: { iv: 'fae425c4a44c881e629ccdc0fcf53916' },
cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
kdf: 'scrypt',
kdfparams: { dklen: 32, salt: '37302d0a0625321193e482da55e19a0a51ac250cf4857ecb13112b8c88cbdf44', n: 4096, r: 8, p: 1 },
mac: '04f7b2879b7e9604356fd4db532c981b4eaa95078c25694e591e7cc2a5c613f1',
},
],
[
{
ciphertext: '015ef2deab867b887fa29c866941512af848e4b547d74a39f44cc4c9ef204b5f',
cipherparams: { iv: '230271676c4501a860b19b325b1850a6' },
cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
kdf: 'scrypt',
kdfparams: { dklen: 32, salt: 'eb73f9cacea4e0b38634679102ab5b8f0e84464c2fa3ca07d11ebcdfb7a95519', n: 4096, r: 8, p: 1 },
mac: 'd76a0f22b2f5a23dac30be820260b3fc738083b797d5c608b23bce8a69f63256',
},
],
[
{
ciphertext: '70870f4dd813fc7c0c4ef64ebba03f15c81677d2558d646b3d143ab8e0d27ec2',
cipherparams: { iv: '841be9a25127fca0cc79740763ec3e55' },
cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
kdf: 'scrypt',
kdfparams: { dklen: 32, salt: '089ef66590b699c347caddafa592c8f074948b0ca6e2957bae45d005cd55a874', n: 4096, r: 8, p: 1 },
mac: '6e1ad546d9e3ad1f3c3419ace4c9daf34a310001875b1a3228dbfd1891030bff',
},
],
],
}

keyring.encryptV3


keyring.encryptV3(password [, options])

Encrypts an instance of SingleKeyring and returns a keystore v3 standard.

Note that MultipleKeyring and RoleBasedKeyring cannot use encryptV3. In this case, please use keyring.encrypt with a keystore V4 standard.

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
passwordstringThe password to be used for encryption. The encrypted key store can be decrypted with this password.
optionsstring(optional) The password to be used for encryption. The encrypted key store can be decrypted with this password.

Return Value

TypeDescription
objectThe encrypted keystore v3.

The returned object contains the following:

NameTypeDescription
versionnumberThe version of keystore.
idstringThe id of keystore.
addressstringThe address of encrypted Keyring.
cryptoobjectThe encrypted private key.

Example


> keyring.encryptV3('password')
{
version: 3,
id: '43f99d36-3905-40e6-bff8-ff0dfc380037',
address: '0xc02cec4d0346bf4124deeb55c5216a4138a40a8c',
crypto: {
ciphertext: 'f7296e68807837a5318502c097276a89d58d91b85e45e692aee284a27bcd0955',
cipherparams: { iv: '03fd985d07777601078840c73cc6f7f3' },
cipher: 'aes-128-ctr',
kdf: 'scrypt',
kdfparams: {
dklen: 32,
salt: '46f85271c43fa64ab3338c5235f1d5073bc9379d9b7ba6065c89afb816d83a8a',
n: 4096,
r: 8,
p: 1
},
mac: '947f13cd1481fa5ba186e59418ef7600fa69e9830054d59e4d5dc67176e1f967'
}
}

keyring.isDecoupled


keyring.isDecoupled()

Returns true if keyring has decoupled key.

Return Value

TypeDescription
booleantrue if keyring has decoupled key.

Example


> keyring.isDecoupled()
true
> keyring.isDecoupled()
false

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